Clinical Biochemistry Tests

Full Biochemistry Profile

Blood biochemistry tests. Plasma, the liquid component of blood after red and white blood cells have been removed can be tested for enzymes, proteins and trace elements.

Each of the parameters tested may indicate which organ system such as the liver or kidneys may not be functioning properly.

Profiles have been organized so that most parameters relating to specific organs can be tested in groups aiding accuracy.

List Of Options

• Basic biochemistry profile
Glucose, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), albumin, protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol), calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride and uric acid.

• Renal (Kidney) profile
Sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine

• Hepatic profile
Transaminases (alanine and asparagine), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and albumin.

• Bone profile
Protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase.

• Cardiac profile
Transaminases (alanine and asparagine), creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and potassium.

• Lipid profile
Cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

INDICATIONS TO PERFORM A TEST

Your doctor is probably the best person to advise what test you need after you have discussed together your personal and your family medical history. Always seek professional medical advice as many illnesses may produce symptoms that you may not relate to the causative mechanism. For example, a peptic ulcer may cause fatigue due to chronic blood loss.

• Routine tests to evaluate patient health (obligatory for some professions).

• Screening tests: Performed for health assessment. Evaluating total cholesterol as well as its fractions and triglycerides may give a good indication of the risk of developing heart disease.

Exams included:

Sodium
Potassium
Glucose
Urea
Creatinine
Calcium
Phosphates Inorganic
Proteins Total
Bilirubin Total
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
Creatine Kinase (CK)
Uric Acid
Iron
Cholesterol Total
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL Cholesterol)
LDL – Cholesterol
Triglycerides
CHOL RISK FACTOR
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Albumin
Globulin
Non-HDL
Calcium (adjusted)

1 Lipid Profile

Risk of cardiovascular disease: cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (if triglyceride level is too high

2 Diabetes Profile

Diabetes: level of glucose (blood sugar) and HbA1c reflex panel in cases of high blood sugar (non-fasting assessment)

3 Renal function

Renal function: urea, creatinine, eGFR (calculation of glomerular filtration rate), uric acid, phosphorus

4 Bone health

Bone health, parathyroid gland function, vitamin D status: calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

5 Liver profile

Liver and bile duct function: total bilirubin, ALP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), albumin

6 biochemical profile

The different elements of the biochemical profile allow the clinician to specify different diagnostic options that can subsequently be confirmed through additional tests (refer to the sections concerning each of these tests).